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1.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 29(1): 159-167, jan./feb. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-914374

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar os parâmetros genéticos das características avaliadas nas provas de ganho em peso, de bovinos da raça Nelore, realizadas pela Associação Brasileira dos Criadores de Zebu - ABCZ. Foram estudados peso final, ganho médio diário, perímetro escrotal, área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea e as características morfológicas de musculosidade, estrutura física e precocidade. Os componentes de (co)variância e parâmetros genéticos foram estimados usando modelos animais comumente aplicados no método de Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita (REML). As estimativas de herdabilidade obtidas para todas as características apresentaram valores medianos a altos. As estimativas de correlações genéticas (gr) das características peso final e ganho médio diário, perímetro escrotal e características de carcaça foram de baixa magnitude. As estimativas de gr entre peso final e área de olho de lombo, e ganho médio diário e espessura de gordura foram consideradas medianas. Os resultados indicam que as características avaliadas nas provas de ganho em peso podem ser usadas como critérios de seleção no intuito de obter progresso genético para tais características.


The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of several phenotypical traits evaluated during weight gain performance tests by the Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Zebu ­ ABCZ. Final body weight, average daily weight gain, scrotal circumference, ribeye area, subcutaneous fat thickness and muscularity, physical stature and precociousness were assessed. Covariance components and genetic parameters were estimated by the animal models, commonly applied in the Restricted Maximum Likelihood Model (REML). Heritability estimates for all traits were medium to high. Genetic correlation estimates were low among final weight and average daily weight gain, scrotal perimeter and carcass traits. Estimates among final weight, ribeye area, average daily weight gain and fat thickness were considered medium. The results reveal that the traits used in weight gain performance tests are an important selection criteria to obtain genetic progress for such traits.


Subject(s)
Cattle/growth & development , Cattle/genetics , Genetic Enhancement
2.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 26(5): 789-797, Sept.- Oct. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-911516

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o método de amostragem de Gibbs (GS) como ferramenta para se estimar os componentes de (co)variância e parâmetros genéticos para características de carcaça e reprodutivas: área de olho de lombo (AOL); espessura de gordura medida entre a 12º e 13º costela (EG) e espessura de gordura medida na garupa (P8); perímetro escrotal (PE) em animais da raça Nelore. O arquivo de dados era constituído de 1.697 machos, nascidos entre 2000 e 2003, filhos de 74 touros com idades variando entre 15 e 19 meses. As imagens de ultrassom da AOL, EG e P8 foram obtidas em animais vivos e, no mesmo momento, foi mensurado o PE. Os componentes de (co)variância foram estimados pela Amostragem de Gibbs (GS), por meio do programa MTGSAM. As estimativas da herdabilidade foram altas: AOL (0,64), EG (0,41), P8 (0,65) e PE (0,61), para análises unicaracteres, sendo encontrados valores similares nas análises bicaracteres. As correlações genéticas estimadas entre PE e as medidas de espessura de gordura (EG e P8) foram baixas, sendo 0,06 com EG e 0,09 com P8. Entre AOL e PE a correlação genética foi moderada (0,25). Conclui-se que as características AOL e EG, medidas por meio da técnica de ultra-sonografia, apresentam variabilidade genética suficiente para serem incorporadas em programas de melhoramento genético.


TThe objective with this study was to evaluate the Gibbs Sampling (GS) method as a tool to estimate the components of (co) variance and genetic parameters for carcass and reproductive: Longissimus muscle area (AOL); fat thickness between the 12th and 13th ribs (EG); rump fat thickness (P8); and scrotal circumference (SC) in animals of the Nellore breed. The dataset contained 1.697 males, born from 2000 to 2003, sired by 74 different sires, and ranging in age from 15 to 19 months at the moment of the collection. The ultrasound images were collected between the 12th and 13th ribs (AOL and EG) and over the rump (P8) and, at this moment, SC was measured. The (co) variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using the GS method with the MTGSAM program. The heritability estimates were moderate to high: AOL (0.64); EG (0.41); P8 (0.65); and PE (0.61), in one single trait model analysis, and the values were similar in two trait model. Genetic correlation estimates between SC and the two traits fat thickness (EG and P8) were low. Genetic correlation estimates between SC and AOL was moderate to high (0.25). The GS method generated the posterior densities of (co)variance components and genetic parameters, being appropriate to be used in field data. The traits AOL and EG measured by ultrasound showed an amount of additive genetic variability enough to be recommend as selection criteria in genetic improvement programs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Husbandry , Cattle , Genetic Enhancement , Livestock/genetics , Bayes Theorem
3.
Genet. mol. biol ; 32(4): 753-760, 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-531792

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to estimate the components of variance and genetic parameters for the visual scores which constitute the Morphological Evaluation System (MES), such as body structure (S), precocity (P) and musculature (M) in Nellore beef-cattle at the weaning and yearling stages, by using threshold Bayesian models. The information used for this was gleaned from visual scores of 5,407 animals evaluated at the weaning and 2,649 at the yearling stages. The genetic parameters for visual score traits were estimated through two-trait analysis, using the threshold animal model, with Bayesian statistics methodology and MTGSAM (Multiple Trait Gibbs Sampler for Animal Models) threshold software. Heritability estimates for S, P and M were 0.68, 0.65 and 0.62 (at weaning) and 0.44, 0.38 and 0.32 (at the yearling stage), respectively. Heritability estimates for S, P and M were found to be high, and so it is expected that these traits should respond favorably to direct selection. The visual scores evaluated at the weaning and yearling stages might be used in the composition of new selection indexes, as they presented sufficient genetic variability to promote genetic progress in such morphological traits.

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